تأثیر رهبری تحول‌آفرین بر عملکرد صادراتی با نقش‌ شیوه‌های داخلی مسئولیت‌ اجتماعی شرکت و جهت‌گیری کارآفرینی بین‌المللی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی،دانشکده علوم انسانی. دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی،دانشکده مدیریت بازرگانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج ، کرج، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد کرج، ایران

چکیده

جهت‌گیری بین‌المللی کارآفرینی به معنای توجه و تمرکز بر امکانات و فرصت‌های کارآفرینی در سطح بین‌المللی است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر رهبری تحول‌آفرین بر عملکرد صادراتی شرکت با نقش‌های میانجی شیوه‌های داخلی مسئولیت‌های اجتماعی شرکت و جهت‌گیری کارآفرینی بین‌المللی است. روش پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر روش جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، توصیفی از نوع پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل 130 شرکت‌ صادرکننده لوازم آرایشی و بهداشتی در سال 1402 در استان تهران می‌باشد که از این تعداد 97 شرکت با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. به‌منظور گردآوری داده‌‌ها از ابزار پرسشنامه و جهت تجزیه و تحلیل آماری از نرم افزار Smart PLS 3 استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان دهنده این بود که رهبری تحول‌آفرین بر جهت‌گیری کارآفرینی بین‌المللی، شیوه‌های مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت داخلی، رفتار بازنگری شده استراتژیک و رفتارهای مخاطره‌آمیز تأثیر معناداری دارد. در فرضیات میانجی مشخص گردید که شیوه‌های مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت داخلی رابطه بین رهبری تحول‌آفرین و رفتارهای مخاطره‌آمیز را میانجیگری می‌کند. اما این رابطه میانجی‌گرانه شیوه‌های مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت داخلی برای رهبری تحول‌آفرین و رفتار بازنگری شده استراتژیک مورد تایید قرار نگرفت و رد شد و در نهایت جهت‌گیری کارآفرینی بین‌المللی نیز رابطه بین رهبری تحول‌آفرین و رفتارهای مخاطره‌آمیز و رفتار بازنگری شده استراتژیک را میانجیگری می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Transformational Leadership on Firm Export Performance with Roles of Internal Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and International Entrepreneurship Orientation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Darvishinia 1
  • Seyed Mohamad Hosein Lotfi Ashtiani 2
  • Zahra laki 3
1 , M.Sc. Student, Business management, Faculty of Humanities Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Business Management, Faculty of Management Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
3 Master's student Business management, Faculty of Management Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Extended Abstract
 Introduction: In the competitive era, the current global economic conditions are such that most countries are seeking to achieve a competitive position at the international level. Many governments are investing significant resources to strengthen innovation and internationalization of the company. Increased competition at the global level has led to an increase in the number of companies that are looking for opportunities in international markets to achieve their goals and maintain their position and survival in the market. Companies in emerging economies are increasingly exploring and exploiting market opportunities through international strategies. While these capabilities guide organizations towards new opportunities, their practical implementation requires a commitment to a culture that the role of the leader in the organization is decisive. On the other hand, geopolitical shocks, which often cause lasting changes in the operational landscape for businesses, require business leaders to make critical changes to survive in the new business environment. Transformational leadership can influence internal corporate social responsibility practices. According to Barnett (2007), corporate social responsibility is a business model that focuses on increasing social well-being and the quality of relationships with stakeholders. Internal corporate social responsibility structures are more effective in influencing employee attitudes and behavior than external corporate social responsibility practices. Therefore, organizations can benefit from the internal entrepreneurship of their employees by building comprehensive relationships and placing their leaders in a position of trust. This relationship can be created by applying strict policies regarding employee well-being and implementing them through internal corporate social responsibility practices. In addition, in the era of hyper-competitiveness and dynamism, international business companies increasingly rely on new investments, innovation, self-renewal, and a proactive approach. The international orientation of entrepreneurship is one of the important factors in increasing export performance. International entrepreneurship refers to the focus on the possibilities and opportunities of entrepreneurship at the international level. This type of entrepreneurship includes the creation and development of businesses, international collaborations, entering foreign markets, using international resources, and influencing global societies and markets. International entrepreneurship plays an important role in economic development and creating job opportunities at the global level. Understanding the pivotal role of business leaders in adapting to this evolving landscape and making astute decisions to meet emerging challenges, requires a nuanced role for leadership in managing new business challenges. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of transformational leadership on the export performance of the company with the mediating roles of internal practices of corporate social responsibility and international entrepreneurial orientation.
Methodology: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of this research includes all companies exporting cosmetics and health products in Tehran province, which in 1402 was equal to 130 companies in Tehran province. 97 companies were selected as the sample size using the Cochran limited population formula with simple random sampling method. In this research, a standard questionnaire was used to collect data. In this part, in order to collect data and information for analyzing a questionnaire to measure variables, a standard questionnaire on the Likert scale was used. To measure the validity of the questions, the content validity method was used, and for reliability, the Cronbach's alpha test (reliability of all questions 0.901) was used, which was approved.
Discussion and Result: The results showed that transformational leadership has a significant effect on international entrepreneurial orientation, domestic corporate social responsibility practices, strategic reconsideration behavior, and risky behaviors. International entrepreneurial orientation has a significant effect on strategic reconsideration behavior and risky behaviors. Domestic corporate social responsibility practices have a significant effect on strategic reconsideration behavior and risky behaviors. On the other hand, strategic reconsideration behavior and risky behaviors have a significant effect on export performance. In the mediation hypotheses, domestic corporate social responsibility practices have a significant effect with a mediating role in the relationship between transformational leadership and risky behaviors. However, the hypothesis of domestic corporate social responsibility practices having a mediating role in the relationship between transformational leadership and strategic reconsideration behavior was not confirmed and rejected, and finally, international entrepreneurial orientation has a significant effect in the mediating role in the relationship between transformational leadership and risky behaviors and strategic reconsideration behavior.
Conclusion: The most important contribution of this research is the proposed conceptual model that shows the impact of transformational leadership on strategic reconsideration and risky behaviors. The study contributes to the body of knowledge on international business by integrating resource-based view theory and dynamic capabilities theory in a way that benefits entrepreneurship and SMEs’ export performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Transformational Leadership
  • International Entrepreneurial Orientation
  • Export Performance
  • Corporate Social Responsibility

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